Sending it up into an air pocket acts as a shock absorber. Water flow that is suddenly stopped needs to release its energy.

The way to apply “brakes” to this crashing water issue is with air gaps. We call this a “water hammer.” It is merely a water pressure spike. The dispersal of energy pushes against the pipes and that’s why you hear knocking. When the toilet’s automatic water valve shuts abruptly, the rushing water has nowhere to go and “crashes” into itself. When the valve is opened, the entire pipeline of water – back to your water main – rushes forward toward the toilet tank with force. It is under pressure, of course, but it isn’t moving, so it has less energy. When your toilet water fill valve is closed, the water in the pipe on the other side of the valve is still. That’s why it can go uphill and travel from your basement to your second-floor bathrooms. Your water feed is under pressure at all times. The water that operates your toilet is managed by you when you flush the bowl and by the water fill valve that opens to allow water into your toilet tank and bowl to replace the water. Your Toilet Water Fill Valve is Where It Begins When the toilet tank refills, the valve shuts off. When you flush a toilet, the valve opens.

These valves are the manual ones you use to turn on sink faucets and also the automatic shut off valves used in toilets and washing machines and dishwashers. Your cold water pipes involve water, water pressure, water flow rate, pipe diameter, and strategically placed valves to stop and start the flow of water. The knocking sound will be louder, and the risk of joint breakage increased. If this occurs, the knocking sound will progress from occurring only when you flush the toilet to any time you use water that passes through wherever the pipes have come loose. It can also loosen the straps that secure your water pipes to the beams inside your walls. If knocking pipes are not corrected, the pressure and sideways force brought to bear on the pipes can eventually break poorly soldered joints and fittings. However, you do not want to wait to address this problem. But as disastrous as the knocking pipes may seem, they have a simple cause and, in most cases, can be resolved quickly. The sound of knocking pipes in the wall when you flush the toilet sounds like a major plumbing repair emergency call is imminent.

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